When I have the students read poetry at home, I tell them to read the poem three times. Then I have them take notes on the poem, noting the literary devices used, tone, diction, and any other comment worth noting. As students progress they become better observers and readers of poetry. In class, we discuss their notes and questions and begin explication based on what they’ve said. Students are more likely to participate when they have “prepared thinking” to draw from.
For poetic terms, I use the list given out by the Advanced Placement organization. If you go to their website, www.apcentral.collegboard.com, you will find this list. For definitions, you can go to any literary terms guide. Abrams puts out a good guide, which you can get at the NCTE website.