Prokaryotes are single-celled microscopic organisms and make up most of the life on this planet. Prokaryotes comprise two of the three Domains of life on Earth, the Domain Bacteria and the Domain Archaea. The majority of bacteria have a positive impact on nature, such as extracting nitrogen from the air making it available for plants to use in protein production, breaking down the remains of dying things recycling the carbon and other elements and production of food for humans.
Prokaryotes including bacteria are responsible for many tasks necessary for life to survive on earth. Every bacterial cell uses energy, grows and develops, interacts and changes its environment and reproduces. These activities cause changes in the chemistry and properties of the surrounding environment on a small scale, such as the Sound to a global scale. Prokaryotes live in the most diverse environments on earth. They can inhabit the air, soil and water. They also live on the surfaces of plants and animals. The types of prokaryotes that will be discussed further are bacteria, especially cyanobacteria and archaea.