African
Gizo –
Spider Deals with the Famine
Anansi -
Anansi Proves He Is the Oldest
Anansi Owns All Tales That Are Told (A Story, A Story)
Anansi Borrows Money
How Debt Came to Ashanti
The Hat-Shaking Dance
Anansi Plays Dead
Ijapa -
How Ijapa, Who Was Short, Became Long
Ijapa Cries for His Horse
Ijapa and the Oba Repair a Roof
Ijapa and the Hot-Water Test
Ijapa Goes to the Osanyin Shrine
Spider of the Fiote –
How the Spider Won and Lost Nzambi’s Daughter
Jackal of the Hottentot
– The Cloud-Eaters
Jackal of the Somali
– The Lion’s Share
West Indian
That One, Anansi
Magic Anansi
Cunnie Anansi Does Some Good
African American
Buh Rabby and Bruh Gator
Buzzard and Wren Have a Race
The Cat and the Rat
Bruh Wolf and Bruh Rabbit Join Together
Bre’r Rabbit and Bre’r Fox
Native American
Coyote, Iktome, and the Rock (White River Sioux)
How Beaver Stole Fire from the Pine
s (Nez Perce)
How Beaver Stole Fire from the Pines
(Nez Perce)
The Raven
(Athapascan)
The Bluebird and Coyote
(Pima)
Adventures of Great Rabbit
(Algonquian)
Turkey Makes the Corn and Coyote Plants It
(White Mountain Apache)
Coyote Takes Wafter from the Frog People
(Kalapuya)
How the People Got Arrowheads
(Shasta)
Coyote Fights a Lump of Pitch
(White Mountain Apache)
Glooscap Grants Three Wishes
(Algonquian)
Coyote Gets Rich off the White Men
(White Mountain Apache)
How to Scare a Bear
(Tewa)
How Coyote Got His Cunning
(Karok)
Coyote Dances with a Star
(Cheyenne)
Japanese –
The Teapot Badger
Hawaiian –
The Origin of the Volcano
A SUMMARY OF ANANSI’S
RESCUE FROM THE RIVER
In this story Anansi has six sons. When each son is born he has already been given a specific name which is translated in the story. Anansi’s sons’ names and translations are:
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1.
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Akakai -
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Able to See Trouble
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2.
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Twa Akwan -
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Road Builder
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3.
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Hwe Nsuo -
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Able to Dry Up Rivers
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4.
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Adwafo -
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The Skinner of Game
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5.
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Toto Abuo -
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Stone Thrower
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6.
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Da Yi Ya -
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Lie on the Ground Like a Cushion
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As the story continues, Kwaku (Uncle) Anansi goes on a long journey.
Anansi fails to return from this long journey and his family worried.
Fortunately, Akakai (Able to See Trouble) visualizes that Anansi had fallen into a distant river in the middle of a dense jungle.
Twa Akwan (Road Builder) constructs a highway through the jungle so he and his brothers can reach Anansi and help him. They finally arrive at the river.
Hwe Nsuo (Able to Dry Up Rivers) dries up the river. The brothers find a great fish there who had swallowed Anansi.
Adwafo (The Skinner of Game) cuts the fish and saves Anansi.
However, no sooner had Anansi been released than a large hawk swooped out of the sky and caught Anansi in his mouth and soared off with him.
Toto Abuo (The Stone Thrower) threw a roack into the sky and hit the hawk, which released Anansi. Now, unfortunately, Anansi had a long journey down the the earth.
Da Yi Ya (Lie on the Ground Like a Cushion) saves the day by throwing himself on the ground to soften his father’s fall. Consequently, Kwaku Anansi was saved by his six sons and brought home to his village.
However, this does not end the story… One day when Anansi was in the forest, he found a bright and beautiful object, which was called Moon. He had seen nothing like it before. He thought it was the most magnificent object he had ever seen. So Anansi resolved to give it to one of his children.
Anansi sent a message to Nyame, the Sky God, telling him about his discovery. He asked Nyame to come and see the Moon, and to help Anansi award it as a prize to one of his sons – the one who had done the most to rescue him when he was lost in the river.
The Sky God came as Anansi requested and held the Moon. Anansi then sent for his sons. When Anansi’s sons saw the Moon, each of them wanted it. They argued and argued.
The one who had located Anansi in the river in the jungle said he deserved the prize.
The one who had built the road said he deserved it.
The one who had dried up the river said he deserved it.
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The one who had cut Anansi out of the fish said he deserved it.
The one who had hit the hawk with the stone said he deserved it.
The one who had cushioned Anansi’s fall to earth said he deserved it.
They argued back and forth, and no one listened to anybody else. The argument went on and one and became a violent squabble.
Nyame the Sky God didn’t know who should have the prize. He listened to the arguments for a long time. Then he became impatient. He got up from where he sat and went back to the sky, taking the Moon along with him.
And that is why the Moon is always seen in the heavens, where Nyame took it, and not on the earth where Anansi found it!2
2Harold Courlander, A Treasury of African Folklore. New York: Marlowe & Company, 1996, p.139-40.
Names_____________________Day/Date __________ #1A
ANANSI’S RESCUE FROM THE RIVER
Anansi’s first son was named __________________.
His name meant ____________________________.
Anansi’s second son was named _______________.
His name meant ____________________________.
Anansi’s third son was named _________________.
His name meant ____________________________.
Anansi’s fourth son was named ________________.
His name meant ____________________________.
Anansi’s fifth son was named __________________.
His name meant ____________________________.
Anansi’s sixth son was name __________________.
His name meant ____________________________.
One day Anansi went on a long _____________.
After several weeks, Anansi did not _____________.@$:
His son, ________________, knew that Anansi had fallen into a distant river.
Therefore, ______________ constructed a highway through the jungle.
________________ dried up the river where they found a great fish, which had swallowed Anansi.
________________ cut into the fish and released their father, Anansi.
No sooner was Anansi freed than a large ________ swooped down and caught Anansi in his mouth.
________________ threw a rock into the sky and hit the hawk, which let go of Anansi.
As Anansi dropped toward the earth, _____________ threw himself on the ground like a cushion to soften his father’s fall.
16. Kwaku Anansi was saved by his __________ sons who brought him home to his village.
17. One day when Anansi was in the forest, he found a bright and beautiful object which was a ____________.
18. Anansi sent a message to __________, the Sky God.
19. Anansi wanted Nyame to hold the Moon and to give it to the son who had done the most to rescue him.
20. Anansi sent for his sons and the sons argued because ____________________________________
___________________________________________.
21. Nyame got tired of listening to the arguments and became __________________.
So Nyame went back to the _____________.
That is why the Moon is always seen in the _________.
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Names ___________________ Day/Date __________
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#1a
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ANANSI’S RESCUE FROM THE RIVER –
Discussion Questions for Partners/Cooperative Groups
Was Anansi a wise father? ___________
Why or why not? __________________________
Do you think one of the sons deserves the moon more than the others? ______________
Why? ___________________________________
How do you think they could have managed to keep the moon? _______________________________
Why do you think someone made up this story?
* _________________________________________
Do you think the author made up the sons’ names first or the story first? ________________________
Why? _____________________________________
When did you first know that this story was a make-believe story? _________________________
What part of the story did you like best? _________
Why? _____________________________________
If you could change one “thing” in this story, what would it be? _______________________________
Why? ____________________________________
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Names __________________ Day/Date____________
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#1B
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ANANSI’S RESCUE FROM THE RIVER – Social Studies
ASHANTI TRIBE
The Aconite was also an area in Western Africa which was protected by _________________.
a. The United States of America
b. Great Britain
c. France
This Ashanti area is now part of ______________.
a. Nigeria
b. Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
c. Ghana
Ghana is close to the __________________.
b. Pacific Ocean
c. English Channel
d. Gulf of Guinea
Most of the people are ______________.
a. farmers
b. fishermen
c. teachers
Ghana used to be called the Colony of the Gold Coast because ___________.
a. it is always sunny there.
b. the people wear a lot of gold jewelry.
c. there is a lot of gold that is found there.
In the Ashanti area more than half of the Ashanti land is used for _________________.
a. bananas
b. cotton
c. cocoa
Ghana’s capital and largest city is _________________.
a. Accra
b. Kumasi
c. Sekondi-Takoradi
The British gained control of the Ashanti through __________.
a. treaties
b. wars
c. both of the above
Some of the principal food crop/crops are ___________.
a. corn
b. rice
c. cassavas
d. yams
e. bananas
f. all of the above
The most rain falls in the _______________.
a. summer
b. spring
c. fall
d. spring and fall
The Ashanti live in ________________.
a. central Ghana
b. southwestern Ghana
c. eastern Ghana
Ghana became an independent nation about ___ years ago.
a. 20
b. 30
c. 40
The temperature in Ghana is always like ____________.
a. spring
b. summer
(Answers in the appendix)
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Names _________________ Day/Date ____________
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#1C
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RETELLING – LANGUAGE ARTS
Title: Anansi’s Rescue from the River
Characters – Main one(s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Supporting one(s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Setting
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Problem (s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Events
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Resolution
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Names _________________ Day/Date _____________#1D
ANANSI’S RESCUE FROM THE RIVER – Math Problems
If Akakai is sitting near the river and his brother, Twa Akwan, joins him, how many brothers are there now? __________
If all six brothers are in their house and two of them leave, how many remain in the house? _______________
If three brothers are hunting and two more brothers join them, how many brothers are hunting now? ___________
If four brothers are walking toward the river and both Hwe Nsuo and Adwafo leave, how many continue to the
river? ___________
If all six brothers are sleeping, but Toto Abuo and Da Yi Ya wake and can’t get back to sleep, how many brothers are sleeping? _________
If Adwafo gets lost in the jungle and his brothers search for him, how many brothers are searching for him? _______
If all the brothers are at the dinner table with their father and mother, how many are at the table? ___________
Now write two math problems about the brothers by yourself.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
A SUMMARY OF IJAPA AND YANRINBO SWEAR AN OATH
Ijapa was a lazy and shiftless character who did not tend his own garden. His wife Yanrinbo was also lazy and shiftless. She spent all her time making conversation with other women, sometimes in the market, sometimes on the trail, sometimes at the stream where the laundering was done.
So… between the two of them, nothing much was ever put away for a time of need. Then there came a drought in the country, and food was very scarce. Other people did not have enough food supplies to spare anything for Ijapa and his wife. They were faced with hunger. They had a BIG problem.
Ijapa noticed that his neighbor Bamidele had a storage house full of yams. Ijapa felt it was not right that Bamidele had yams while Ijapa and Yanrinbo had none.”
Ijapa made a plan. One day before daylight, he woke Yanrinbo. She took a large basket, and the two of them went to Bamidele’s place. When they approached the storage house, Ijapa told Yanrinbo to sit on his shoulders. She did this and placed the basket on her head.
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Ijapa went to the storage house. There they filled the basket with yams with his Yanrinbo sitting on his shoulders with the basket on her head. They returned the same way they had come. When they arrived home, they emptied the basket and went back for more. The second time, like the first, Yanrinbo sat on Ijapa’s shoulders with the basket on her head. They made many trips the same way, until they had enough.
Bamidele, discovered that a large portion of his yams was missing a few days later. He noticed the footprints led towards Ijapa’s house. Bamidele asked here and there. And at last he decided to bring Ijapa and Yanrinbo before the chief and accused them of taking his yams.
Now, the custom was to take persons accused of a crime to a particular shrine, where they would either admit their guilt or swear their innocence. If they confessed they were punished according to the law. If they swore they were innocent, they had to drink a bowl of agbo, which was an herb drink prepared by the priest.
If the oath they had sworn was true nothing was supposed to happen to them. But if they lied, the agbo would make them sick. This way everyone would know the truth.
The chief ordered Ijapa and Yanrinbo to appear before this holy shrine. The village people came to watch the trial. Ijapa and Yanrinbo kneeled before the shrine while the priest made the agbo. Ijapa was called upon to swear his oath.
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He swore: “If I, Ijapa, the husband of Yanrinbo, ever stretched up my hand to remove yams from Bamidele’s storage house, may I fall sick instantly and die.”
Then Yanrinbo swore: “If I, Yanrinbo, wife of Ijapa, ever used my legs to carry me to Bamidele’s storage house to steal yams, may I fall sick instantly and die.”
The priest then gave Ijapa and Yanrinbo a large bowl of agbo to drink. They drank. They did not fall ill. Nothing at all happened. Seeing this, the chief said: “Their oaths were true. Therefore, release them.” So Ijapa and Yanrinbo were released.
What they had sworn was not false, for Yanrinbo had not used her legs to get to the storage house. She had ridden on Ijapa’s shoulders. And Ijapa had not raised his hands to carry away the yams. It was Yanrinbo who had raised her hands to balance the basket on her head.3
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3Harold Courlander, A Treasury of African Folklore. New York: Marlowe & Company, 1996, p.226-7.
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Name__________________Day/Date _____________
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#2A
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IJAPA AND YANRINBO SWEAR AN OATH
Ijapa was lazy and did not tend his own _________________.
His wife, Yanrinbo spent all her time _________________.
They never saved any _________ for hard times.
Then there came a _________________.
A drought is when _________________________________.
Ijapa and Yanrinbo had no yams, but their neighbor, ________________ , had many yams.
Ijapa made a ______________.
He told Yanrinbo to bring a large ________________.
Ijapa told Yanrinbo to sit on his _________________ and to put the basket on her ________________.
They went to the storage house and got lots of __________.
A few days later, Bamidele, the neighbor discovered that many yams were ________________.
Bamidele noticed that the footprints led to Ijapa’s __________.
Bamidele brought Ijapa and Yanrinbo before the ___________.
There they would admit their guild or swear their __________.
If they swore innocence, they then had to drink a bowl of ______________, which would make them sick if they lied.
Ijapa said, “If I, Ijapa, the husband of Yanrinbo, ever stretched up my __________ to remove yams, may I fall sick instantly and die.
Yanrinbo swore: “If I, Yanrinbo, wife of Ijapa, ever used my __________ to carry me to Bamidele’s storage house to steal yams, may I fall sick and die.”
They drank the agbo and did not get ____________.
The chief let them __________.
The tricky part of this story is that _____________________
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Names ___________________ Day/Date _________
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#2a
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IJAPA AND YANRINBO SWEAR AN OATH –
Discussion Questions for Partners/Cooperative Groups
What kind of “people” are Ijapa and Yanrinbo? _____________________________________
Why do you think that? ____________________
Do you think they deserved to starve? ________
Why? __________________________________
Why do you think they didn’t ask Bamidele for some yams? ___________________________________
What do you think Bamidele would have said if they had asked him for some yams? _______________
Why? ____________________________________
Do you think Ijapa and Yanrinbo had planned their “stealing” way in advance? _____________
Why? ____________________________________
Do you think the method of justice was fair or not? _________________
Why? _____________________________________
What do you think the agbo tasted like? _________
Why? _____________________________________
If you had to change a part of the story, what part would you change? _________________________
Why? ____________________________________
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Names ___________________ Day/Date __________
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#2B
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IJAPA AND YANRINBO SWEAR AN OATH – Social Studies
YORUBA TRIBE
The Yoruba tribe is located in ________________.
a. Cameroon
b. Zaire
c. Nigeria
The Yoruba tribe lives in the ___________ of Nigeria.
a. north
b. east
c. southwest
The Yoruba are mainly ______________.
a. Christian
b. Muslim
c. Christian and Muslim
There are ________ different languages spoken in Nigeria.
a. 50
b. 150
c. 250
The official language is _______________.
a. Hausa
b. Ibo
c. English
Nigeria’s capital is ______________.
a. Abuja
b. Oshogba
c. Calabar
Nigeria’s wet (rain, rain, rain) season is _______________.
a. May to November.
b. November to February.
c. February to April.
d. Nigeria’s dry (a very hot period) season is ________________.
e. February to May.
f. May to September.
g. October to January.
In southern Nigeria there are __________________.
a. dense forests.
b. well-wooded grasslands.
c. both of the above.
In the south some of the product(s) grown are ____________.
a. yams
b. cassava
c. rice
d. beets
_______________ in Nigeria has hurt its environment.
a. Rapid population growth
b. Poor use of land.
c. Change of climate.
d. Poor development policy.
e. all of the above.
Nigeria has three major regions which are the north Hausa-speaking area, the Yoruba region in the southwest and the region in the east dominated by the ____________.
a. Ibo
b. Jebba
c. Aba
Nigeria’s economy (how people live) depends greatly on ____.
a. oil
b. iron
c. coal
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d. gold
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(Answers in the appendix)
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Names __________________ Day/Date ___________
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#2C
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RETELLING – LANGUAGE ARTS
Title: Ijapa and Yanrinbo Swear an Oath
Characters – Main one(s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Supporting one(s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Setting
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Problem (s)
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Events
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Resolution
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
@Text:Names __________________ Day/Date ____________ #2D
IJAPA AND YANRINBO SWEAR AN OATH – Math Problems
We are going to pretend that Yanrinbo could ONLY fit three yams in her basket each time she visited Bamidele’s storage house. And… that each time she had to choose a different combination of yams. (YOU AREN’T ALLOWED TO DUPLICATE A COMBINATION!)
There are red yams, brown yams and orange yams. How many combinations can you find? (Use the table below or cut and paste the yams into paper baskets.)
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red yams brown yams orange yams
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basket #1
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basket #2
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basket #3
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basket #4
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basket #5
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basket #6
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______________________________________
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basket #7
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basket #8
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basket #9
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basket #10
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(You may not need all these baskets…)
A SUMMARY OF ZOMO The Rabbit
A Trickster Tale from West Africa
Zomo was not very big or strong, but he was a very clever rabbit. But, Zomo wanted more than cleverness – he wanted wisdom! So he went to Sky God and asked for wisdom.
The Sky God told Zomo that to get wisdom, he would have to earn it.” The Sky God told Zomo that he would have to do three impossible things.” They were:
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1. To bring the scales of Big Fish in the sea to him.
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2. To bring the milk of Wild Cow to him.
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3. To bring the tooth of Leopard to him.
Zomo said he would try to do exactly that.
Zomo went to edge of the sea to find Big Fish. He began to play his drum. He played so loud his drumbeats went down to the bottom of the sea. Big Fish heard the music of the drum.
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Big Fish then came up out of the water and danced on the sand. Zomo began to beat his drum faster and faster. Then Big Fish danced faster and faster and faster.
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Big Fish then danced so fast his scales fell off. Big Fish became naked and quickly jumped back into the sea.
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Zomo scooped up all the fish scales in his hat and hopped into the forest. While in the forest, Zomo climbed a palm tree and looked all around. That was when he saw Wild Cow.
He goaded Wild Cow by telling Wild Cow that he wasn’t big and strong, which angered Wild Cow. Zomo dared Wild Cow to knock down the little palm tree.
Wild Cow got so angry that she ran at the tree to knock it down. However, the palm tree was soft and her horns got stuck in the tree.
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While Wild Cow was stuck, Zomo slid down the tree and he turned his drum upside down and filled it with milk.
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Zomo then took the path to the top of a high hill. This path led to the hill where Leopard walked every day. Zomo tipped his hat and sprinkled a few fish scales on the path. Then Zomo tipped his drum and spilled a few drops of milk on the path.
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Then Zomo went to the bottom of the hill and hid behind a rock. Soon Leopard came walking over the hill. Leopard slipped on the slippery scales and the milk, rolled down the hill and hit the rock. His tooth immediately popped out. Zomo caught that tooth and hopped away.
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@Text:Zomo took the scales of Big Fish, the milk of Wild Cow, and the tooth of Leopard to Sky God. Sky God smiled upon Zomo. “You are clever enough to do the impossible,” he said. “Now I will give you wisdom.”
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Sky God spoke. Zomo listened. “Three things in this world are worth having: courage, good sense, and caution,” said Sky God. “Little rabbit, you have lots of courage, a bit of sense, but no caution. So next time you see Big Fish, or Wild Cow, or Leopard… … better run fast!”
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Zomo is not big.
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Zomo is not strong.
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But now Zomo has wisdom.
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And he is very, very fast.4
4Gerald McDermott (Told & Illustrated), ZOMO The Rabbit. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1992.
(This is an absolutely BEAUTIFUL picture book that can be purchased through your local book store!)
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Names _________________Day/Date _____________
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#3A
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ZOMO THE RABBIT
1. Zomo is not big, not strong, but he is very ___________.
2. Zomo wanted __________________.
3. So Zomo went to the ___________ _____________.
4. To get wisdom, Zomo had to do _________ things.
5. The first was to get the scales of _______ ________.
6. The second was to get the milk of _________ ________.
@Text:7. The third was to get the tooth of ____________.
8. Zomo got the scales of Big Fish by _______________
___________________________________________.
9. Zomo got the milk of Wild Cow by _________________________________________________________.
10. Zomo got the tooth of Leopard by __________________________________________________________.
11. Zomo took the scales of Big Fish, the milk of Wild Cow and the tooth of Leopard to the _________ __________.
12. The Sky God gave Zomo _______________.
13. Now Zomo is still not big, still not strong, but he has wisdom and he is very, very _______________!
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Names _____________________ Day/Date ________
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#3a
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ZOMO THE RABBIT –
Discussion Questions for Partners/ Cooperative Groups
Why do you think Zomo wanted wisdom?
_________________________________________
Why do you think the Sky God told Zomo he had to earn wisdom instead of giving it to Zomo?
__________________________________________
How did Zomo show his cleverness with the
a. Big Fish? ________________________________
b. Wild Cow? _______________________________
c. Leopard? ________________________________
Why did Sky God say that Zomo did the impossible? __________________________________________
Why did Sky God tell Zomo to run fast the next time he meets Big Fish, Wild Cow or Leopard?
__________________________________________
Do you have courage, good sense and/or caution? __________________________________________
How do you know that? _________________________
What is the message in this story?
____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
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Names ______________________ Day/Date ______________
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#3B
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ZOMO THE RABBIT – Social Studies
BANTU TRIBE
The Bantu-speaking peoples cover central, east and ___________ Africa.
a. north
b. west
c. south
Bantu-speaking peoples are found in Angola, Gabon, South Africa, Botswana, Uganda and _____________.
a. Ghana
b. Nigeria
c. Zimbabwe
Bantu peoples make up most of __________ population.
a. Angola’s
b. Gabon’s
c. Nigeria’s
Bantu peoples are mostly ________________.
a. farmers
b. businessmen
c. both of the above
Some of the crop(s) grown in the lowlands of Angola are _____________.
a. sugarcane
b. cotton
c. beans
d. rice
e. corn
f. all of the above
Cattle are raised in the plateau areas because _________.
a. there is abundant grass there.
b. they are safe from the tsetse flies (sleeping sickness) there.
c. there is enough room there for grazing.
Although there are more than 40 ethnic groups or tribes in Gabon, the official language is _________.
a. Bantu
b. Mpongwe
c. French
The chief wood export of Gabon is _______________.
a. oak
b. pine
c. mahogany
Although Bantu languages are heard often in Zimbabwe, the official language there is ______________.
a. English
b. French
c. Portuguese
Zimbabwe’s economy (way of life) is dependent on _________.
a. gold
b. copper
c. nickel
d. iron
e. chrome
f. asbestos
g. all of the above
Agriculturally Zimbabwe is dependent on _____________.
a. cotton
b. tobacco
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c. citrus fruits
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(Answers in the appendix)
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@Text:Names __________________ Day/Date ___________
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#3C
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RETELLING – LANGUAGE ARTS
Title: Zomo the Rabbit
Characters – Main one(s)
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Supporting one(s)
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Setting
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Problem (s)
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Events
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Resolution
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Names __________________ Day/Date ___________
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#3D
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Partner’s name _______________________
ZOMO THE RABBIT - Math Problems
Use your balance to find the weights of the scales, milk and tooth with your partner using the following units.
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Unifix cubes
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Large paperclips
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Teddy Bear Counters
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Marbles
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Two Color Countes
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Crayons
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Trapezoids
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Now pick some units of your own.
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Which one weighed the most?
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Which one weighed the least?
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Names _________________ Day/Date ____________ #4A
COMPARISONS OF MYTH/FOLKTALE ELEMENTS
Main character(s) _______________________________________
Supporting one(s) ______________________________________
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Setting…………
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Problem………
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Events……..
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a. _____________________________________
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Resolution
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(You may prefer to use large chart paper for this activity along with using cooperative groups.)
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Names ____________________
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Day/Date ________#4B
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COMPARISONS OF
THE ASHANTI, YORUBA AND BANTU
Social Studies
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Geographical Area
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Main Occupation
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Noteworthy History
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Main crops
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Capital city
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Main religion
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Official Language
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Additional Categories
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(You may prefer to use large chart paper for this activity along with using cooperative groups.)
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Names ____________________ Day/Date _________
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#4C
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TRICKSTER TALE WRITING PLAN
Use this chart to write your plans for your trickster tale.
Who is the trickster?
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Who gets tricked?
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What is the trick?
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What happens at the end?
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What is the title of this trickster tale?
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OWARE/ADI
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AYO/AZIGO
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#4D
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(Ghana – Ashanti)
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(Nigeria – Yoruba)
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A MATHEMATICAL GAME
Background – The Arabic word mancala, meaning “transferring” is the generic name for a set of similar board games played in a number of different regions of the world. Although the names, rules and boards vary, the principles remain basically the same. Some games are played on boards having two rows of six holes; other more complex games are played on boards having four rows of eight holes.
Mancala games have been know and played for thousands of years. In Egypt the boards have been discovered carved into the stone of the great pyramid of Cheops and the temples at Luxor and Karnak. The game spread to the rest of Africa and to Asia, the Philippines, the West Indies and Surinam in South America as well.
Oware or Adi, also known as Wari, is a two-row version of the game played by the Ashanti people of Ghana in West Africa. It is also know n as Ayo or Azigo in Nigeria, home of the Yoruba tribe. An Oware board is often carved from a piece of wood or a gourd and brightly painted. In ancient times, kings and chiefs sometimes had boards carved from ivory and inlaid with precious metals.
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Materials -
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an egg carton
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48 beans or pebbles
Remove the lid of the egg carton and cut it in half. Attach one half of the lid to each end of the lower portion of the carton. See the diagram below.
Oware/Ayo is a game of logic – each player must consider the advantages and disadvantages of possible moves. For young students Oware provides practice in counting. The object is to capture 25 beans, more than half the total. (If desired, the player having the most beans at the end of the game can be considered the winner.)
Players must pay attention not only to their own side of the board but also to their opponent’s side. Cups having one or two beans are vulnerable to capture. Players can defend their cups by moving their own beans so that one or two do not remain in a single cup. Or they can move their beans around the board to load the opponent’s cups in such a way that the opponent’s last bean will not land in the other player’s vulnerable cups.
To begin, four beans are placed in each egg cup. Players face each other with the board between them. A player’s side of the board includes the six cups on his or her side and the lid, or pot, to the right. Movement is to the player’s right – counterclockwise.
The first player removes four beans from any cup on his or her side and sows them one by one in the next four cups. On the first move it is possible, depending on which cup is emptied, to place beans in the opponent’s cups. (Players do not sow beans in either of the pots: these are for captured beans only.) The second player removes all the beans from any cup on his or her side and distributes them similarly around the board.
Since cups can hold many beans, it is possible to go around the board more than once during a turn. As players go around the board, they skip the empty cup from which they last removed their beans and leave it empty for that turn.
Captures are made as follows -
If the last bean a player sows lands in a cup on the opponent’s side that contains only one or two beans, that cup is then captured. This last bean plus the opponent’s bean(s) must total no more than three.
When this condition is met, the player is also permitted to take beans from all cups preceding it if:
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Each cup contains two or three beans.
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The cups are on the opponent’s side of the board.
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The cups are consecutive.
@Text:All captured beans as well as the last bean are placed in the player’s pot.
No move is permitted that would enable the player to capture all the opponent’s beans. (Such a move would make it impossible for the opponent to play.) When one side of the board is empty and it is the opposing player’s turn, that player must move beans to the other side if possible so the game can continue. If, however, it is the player’s side that is empty, then the game is over. The player who still has beans adds them to his or her own pot.
If a game continues on and on with only a few beans on the board, players may agree to stop. They then take the beans on their side of the board for their own pot and the player with the most beans wins.
Pacing Chart
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Week 1 – Anansi’s Rescue from the River – Ashanti/spider
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Day 1 – Introduction of story
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Day 2 – Reread story (shared and/or guided reading) + #1A/1a
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Day 3 – Social Studies #1B/Game Activity
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Day 4 – Language Arts #1C/Mathematics #1D
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Day 5 – Art and/or Dramatics
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Week 2 – Ijapa and Yanrinbo Swear an Oath – Yoruba/tortoise
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Day 1 – Introduction of story
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Day 2 – Reread story (shared and/or guided reading) + #2A/2a
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Day 3 – Social Studies #2B/Game Activity
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Day 4 – Language Arts #2C/Mathematics #2D
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Day 5 – Art and/or Dramatics
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Week 3 – Zomo the Rabbit –Bantu/hare
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Day 1 – Introduction of story
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Day 2 – Reread story (shared and/or guided reading)+ #3A/3a
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Day 3 – Social Studies #3B/Game Activity
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Day 4 – Language Arts #3C/Mathematics #3D
Day 5 – Art and/or Dramatics
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Week 4 – Comparisons of myths/folktales (Cooperative Groups)
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Day 1 – Review the three stories orally+ #4A
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Day 2 – Partner choice reading in their storybooks which include
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all three stories.
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Day 3 – Comparisons of the Ashanti, Bantu & Yoruba tribes
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(Social Studies #4B)
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Day 4 – Language Arts #4C/ Mathematics #4D
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Day 5 – Art and/or Dramatics Finale
See appendix for art ideas and game activities
For dramatics perform a play or a puppet presentation
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