Richard R. MacMahon, Ph.D., High School in the Community
Abelson, Philip H. and Pamela J. Hines (1999) “The Plant Revolution” Science 285: 367-368 - a general introduction to genetic engineering.
AmeriScan (2000) “Groups petition FDA to regulate Engineered Foods” Mar. 21 - one of the many protest groups reports on the petition.
Anon.1996a “After Genetic Engineering, a Weed Gobbles Up Mercury” The New York Times Tuesday, April 16, pg C4 - A report of a laboratory experiment in which a genetically engineered plant absorbed and neutralized large amounts of mercury.
Anon.1996b“Toll Rising, Japan Warns Against Eating Raw Meat” New York Times, Tuesday, July 23 page C3 - A short account of the outbreak of food poisoning in Japan caused by the Shiga toxin carried by E. coli . See also Anon. 1996c.
Anon.1996c “Japan Turning to Use of Antibiotics” Providence (R.I.) Sunday Journal, July 22, page A3 - A second account of this outbreak of food poisoning. The count is 100 people dead and 8700 people sick. New cases are being reported at the rate of 100 per day. See also Anon. 1996b.
Anon.(2000) “GMO labeling initiative announced (Canada)” Canada's Agricultural Information Centre, www.agcanada.com 4/18/00.
Arnett, Allison (2000) “The Gene Scene: Plenty of Opinions, few Facts Characterize Debate over Genetically Modified Foodstuffs” The Boston Globe April 26, 2000 - a good account of the current status of genetic engineering.
Barboza, David (2000) “U.S. Farmers Still Planting Biotech Crops” The New York Times, pg C1, Sat. July 1 - the 2000 crop year “scorecard” on GMOs.
Bereano, Philip L. (1995)“Body And Soul: The Price of Biotech” Seattle Times, Sunday, August 20, pg B5
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays?Biotech%20Price.html - a great article on the entire subject of rights and control of genetic engineering.
Bereano, Philip L. (1995a)“Patent Pending: The Race to Own DNA” Seattle Times, Sunday, August 27, pg B5
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/DNA%20Race.html - continuation of the thoughts of Bereano’s first article.
Beardsley, Tim, 1996 “Vital Data” Scientific American 274:100-105 (March) – A good recent article on some of the implications of genetic findings and the uses to which they have been applied.
Beardsley, Tim, 1996a “Advantage: Nature” Scientific American 274: 33 (May) – Could escaped genes from bioengineered crops give weeds a crucial boost? Some weeds were shown to become immune to an herbicide by hybridizing with a crop plant.
Center for Science and the Media (1999) “Killer Corn” http://www.stn2.net/pagesl1/killercorn/ltips.html - a rather inaccurate
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account of the Monarch butterfly controversy.
Coale, Kristi (2000) “Mutant Food” salon.com News Jan. 12, 2000
URL: http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2000/01/12/food - A lawsuit against the FDA reveals documents that show even the agency's own scientists have doubts about the safety of genetically modified foods.
Cummins, Ronnie (1999) “Hazards of Genetically Engineered Food and Crops: Why We Need a Global Moratorium”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/hazardsGEfoods.html - a thoughtful protest paper on the current situation.
Daley, Suzanne (2000) “French Turn Vandal Into Hero Against U.S.” The New York Times, pg A1, Sat. July 1 - the current French reaction to GMOs.
DellaPenna, Dean (1999) “Nutritional Genomics: Manipulating Plant Micronutrients to Improve Human Health” Science 285: 375-379.
Dushay, Mitch (2000) “Letters” Sunday , April 23, 2000 ; B06 , Washington Post.
Epstein, Ron (2000) “Redesigning the World: Ethical Questions about Genetic Engineering”
http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~rone/gedanger.htm - another “must read” article. Includes players and revolving door participants.
European Union (1997) “The European Commission Agrees on Guidelines for EU Labeling of GMO Products” Press release of the European Commission to the United States. PR 97-51, July 25, 1997.
Fagan, John B. (1998) “Genetically Engineered Food - A Serious Health Risk”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/GEF%20Health%20Risk%20Fagan.html - a leading opponent to GMOs.
Farnham, Mark W., Philipp W. Simon, and John R. Stommel. 1999 “Improved Phytonutrient Content Through Plant Genetic Improvement” Nutrition Reviews 57: S19-S26 - a scientific paper on improved nutrients.
Feder, Barnaby J. 1996 “Geneticists Arm Corn Against Corn Borer, Pest May Still Win” The New York Times, Tuesday, July 23 page C1 - A good account of an attempt to arm a crop plant with a built-in insecticide and the possible consequences. There is a good discussion of both effects on the target insects and the environment.
Fong, Mira (2000) “Genetic Trespassing and Environmental Ethics”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/GENETICS%20TRESPASSING.html
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a rather philosophical paper, somewhat confusing and emotional.
Gaskell, George, Martin W. Bauer, John Durant and Nicholas C. Allum (1999) “Worlds Apart? The Reception of Genetically Modified Foods in Europe and the U.S.” Science 285: 384-387 - the European reaction.
Genetic ID, Inc (1999) “GMO Newsletter” www.genetic-id.com/newsletter - second-hand reports on various aspects of GMOs (see next).
Genetic ID, Inc (1999a) “GMF Market Intelligence” www.genetic-id.com/newsletter
Health and Safety Executive - UK (1998)“Contained Use of Genetically Modified Organisms (UK)” Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ .
Hinchee, Maud A. W. et al (1988) “Production of transgenic soybean plants using Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer” Bio/Technology 6: 915-922 - The original paper on the production of transgenic soybeans resistant to Roundup© herbicide.
Hilts, Philip J.1996 “Gene Jumps To Spread A Toxin In Meat” The New York Times Tuesday, April 23, pg C1-3 - A vivid example of natural genetic engineering with deadly results for humans. The gene that produces Shiga toxin is now in the common intestinal bacterium E. coli.
Ho, Mae-Wan (1996) “Perils amid promises of genetically modified foods”
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http://www.greenpeace.org/~comms/cbio/geperil.html - a very good paper including some interesting thoughts on genetics.
Ho, Mae-Wan and Beatrix Tappeser (1997) “Transgenic Transgression of Species integrity and Species Boundaries”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/Transgenic%20Transgression%20of%20Species%20integrity%20and%20Species%20Boundaries.htm - another very well written and well documented paper.
Huttner, Susanne L. (1999) “Genetically Modified Organisms: View from the US: how a moratorium would affect jobs and academic research” The London Times Higher Education Supplement, Feb. 19, 1999.
Lappe, Marc and Britt Bailey (1997) “Genetically Engineered Soya; Contaminating the Great Treasure”
http://www.cetos.org/toxalts/Greatreasure.html - a great paper on the history and future of the soybean.
Leahy, Stephen (2000) “10 Great Big Fibs of Biotech Part Two: Fibs 5-10”
www.straightgoods.com. Tuesday, April 18, 2000 - another opponent.
Leary, Warren E. 1996 “Genetic Engineering of Food Can Spread Serious Allergies, Study Says” New York Times March 14, 1996 - a report on one experiment that never got out of the lab.
LeTourneau, Melanie (2000) “Food Fright” Current Science, 85:8-9, Jan. 7, 2000 - a rather incomplete and inaccurate article written for children.
Lovins, Amory B. (1999) “Redesigning Evolution?” Science Vol 285: 1489-1490 - an interesting paper including Bt testing.
Lyddon, Christopher (1997) “More on EU/US Conflict on GMO Labeling” Futures World News - June 16, 1997 GENTECH archive 8.96-97 .
Lyddon, Christopher (1997a) “USDA Talks Tough on Proposed GMO Separation & Labeling” Reuter’s News - June 19, 1997. GENTECH archive 8.96-97.
Mann, L. R. B. (1999) “The Selfish Commercial Gene”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/selfishgene.html - a good article on ethics and the future of genetic engineering.
Maryanski, J. H. (1995) “FDA’S Policy for Foods Developed by Biotechnology” in Genetically Modified Foods: Safety Issues, Engels, Takeoka and Teranishi, editors. Am. Chem. Soc. Symposium Series No. 605, Ch 2 pg 12-22 - a good review of how the FDA developed guidelines.
Mazur, Barbara, Enno Krebbers and Scott Tingey (1999) “Gene Discovery and Product Development for Grain Quality Traits” Science 285: 372-375.
Miller, G. Tyler (1990) Living in the Environment 6’th ed. Wadsworth Pub. Co., Belmont, CA - The classic environmental textbook.
Moffat, Anne Simon (1999) “Engineering Plants to Cope With Metals” Science285: 369-370 - plants absorb Cd, Cu and Fe.
Moffat, Anne Simon (1999a) “Crop Engineering Goes South” Science 285: 370-371.
Mothers for Natural Law of the Natural Law Party (1999) “ GE foods: Wut Coud Go Rong?” http://www.safe-food.org/ - Hoos kiding hoo?
Mothers for Natural Law of the Natural Law Party (1999a) “ Concerns Expressed by Government Scientists”
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http://www.safe-food.org/-issue/fda.html - quotes by scientists.
Mothers for Natural Law of the Natural Law Party (1999b) “ Genetically Engineered Crops” GE foods: http://www.safe-food.org/
Mothers for Natural Law of the Natural Law Party (2000) “What to eat, How to shop”
http://www.safe-food.org/ - a useless guide.
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (1998) “Briefing Note prepared by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)”
http://www.nerc.ac.uk - a position paper for the U.K.
Natural Law Web Site (2000) “Eminent Scientists Comment on the Dangers of Genetically Engineered Foods”http://www.naturallaw.ca/genetic/geindex.html
Nicholl, Desmond S. T. (1994 An Introduction to Genetic Engineering . Cambridge University press, Cambridge, UK -a good, short introductory text.
Overseas Development Institute (1999) “Overseas Development Institute Briefing Paper” Jan. 1, 1999, Portland House, Stag Place, London SW1E 5DP, UK - another U.K. position paper.
Palmer, D. (1999) “U.S. Commerce Department Official Says Biotech Food Proven Safe”. Reuters Report, Oct 7, New York .
Pollack, Andrew (2000) “New Ventures Aim to Put Farms In Vanguard of Drug Production’ New York Times, May 14, 2000, page 1 - how genetic engineering may use plants as drug factories.
Pollan, Michael (1998) “Playing God in the Garden” New York Times Sunday Magazine, October 25, 1998 - philosophical account of Bt potatoes.
Prakash, C. S. (1999) “Feeding a world of six billion.” AgBioForum 2 (3&4), 223-225. From http://www.agbioforum.org - World Food Supply !!
Pure Food Campaign (199?) “What’s Wrong with Genetic Engineering?“
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/1527/text.html - more opponents.
Rifkin, Jeremy (1998) “The Biotech Century - Playing Ecological Roulette with Mother Nature’s Designs” - two good papers
http://www.emagazine.com/may-june_1998/0598feat2.html
Rifkin, Jeremy (2000) “The Biotech Century - A Second Opinion: The Marriage of the Genetic Sciences and the Technologies Reshaping Our World”
http://www.human-nature.com/reason/books/rifkin.html
Serageldin, Ismail (1999) “Biotechnology and Food Security in the 21st Century” Science 285: 387-389 - excellent paper on future food supply.
Shiva, Vandana (1997) “Bioethics - A Third World Issue”
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/1527/bioethics.html - great paper, Read !!
Snell, Marilyn B. 1999 “Bioprospecting or Biopiracy? Hunt for genetic riches in the developing world” http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/Biopiracy.htm
Steinbrecher, Ricarda (1999) “What is Genetic Engineering?” Synthesis/Regeneration (Winter, 1999) Vol 18:9-12.
Science 285: 380-383 - on plant genomes and genetic engineering.
Sudduth, Mary Alice (2000) “Genetically Engineered Foods: Fears and Facts An Interview with FDA's Jim Maryanski” FDA Online.
Tappeser, Beatrix (1997) “The difference between conventional Bacillus thuringiensis strains and transgenic insect resistant plants - Possible reasons for rapid resistance development and
susceptibility of non -target organisms”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/GEPlantsBTResistant.htm - an excellent article, well documented. Read This one! (and next!).
Tappeser, Beatrix, Manuela Jager and Claudia Eckelkamp (1998) “Survival, Persistence, Transfer - An Update on Current Knowledge on GMOs and the Fate of their Recombinant DNA”
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/Survival%20PersistenceTransfer.htm
U.S.FDA (2000) “Foods Derived from New Plant Varieties Derived throughRecombinant DNA Technology” May, 2000
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http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/biocon.html - a list of modified plants.
Verzola, Robereto 1999 “The Genetic Engineering Debate” (v0.32)
http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GE%20Essays/gedebate.html - a very large study of the entire genetic engineering situation. Read this one!
Yoon, Carol Kaesuk, and Melody Petersen (2000) “Cautious Support On Biotech Food By Science Panel” New York Times April 6, pg 1 + 22.
Young, Andrea (2000) “Letters” Sunday , April 23, 2000 ; pg B06 , Washington Post - discusses some misconceptions about genetic engineering.