Benjamin, Ruha. “The New Artificial Intelligentsia.” Los Angeles Review of Books, 2024. This article shows how racism can be built into modern technologies like AI. It supports the idea that math and data are not always neutral.
Boas, Franz. “Eugenics.” The Scientific Monthly 3 (1916): 471–78. Boas was an early critic of eugenics. He argued that race differences were shaped by culture, not biology.
Clayton, Aubrey. “The ‘Correlation’ Between Statistics and Eugenics.” Los Angeles Review of Books, 2024. Clayton explains how statistics were used to support eugenics. His article shows how math can be used to justify bad ideas.
College Board. Springboard Mathematics: Course 3. New York: College Board, 2014. This textbook is used to teach middle school math. It helps shape lessons that connect math to real-world questions.
DeSalle, Rob. “The Eugenics Movement in Retrospect.” Natural History, Dec 2021–Jan 2022. DeSalle gives a summary of eugenics history in the U.S., showing how science was misused.
Donovan, Brian. “YouTube Video.” Accessed June 25, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oeCgrpJ2G9Q. Donovan’s video introduces the history of eugenics in a way that students can better understand. It works well in the classroom.
Du Bois, W. E. B. “Race Intelligence.” The Crisis 20, no. 3 (1920). Du Bois challenged the idea that one race is smarter than another. His work is a response to eugenic thinking.
Guo, Dora. “The Concealing of Eugenics: Yale’s Institute of Human Relations (1929-1963).” 2023. Guo shows how Yale hid its involvement in eugenics. This connects directly to the New Haven aspect of this unit.
Harmon, Amy. “Race, Biology and Genetics.” The New York Times, Dec 7, 2019. Harmon explains how false ideas about race and science are still common today.
Harmon, Amy. “White Supremacists and DNA.” The New York Times, Oct 17, 2018. This article shows how white supremacists misuse genetic tests to promote racism, just like eugenicists of the past.
Kohlman, Michael J. “Evangelizing Eugenics.” Alberta Journal of Educational Research 58, no. 4 (2013): 657-690. Kohlman explains how schools helped spread eugenics.
Laufenberg, Sarah. “Arnold Gesell and the Eugenic Origins of Child Development at Yale.” Yale University, 2025. Laufenberg shows how eugenics shaped early child development research at Yale.
Leonard, Thomas C. Illiberal Reformers. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011. Leonard shows how economics and eugenics were linked in the Progressive Era. He highlights how data was used to exclude people.
Liljedahl, Peter. Building Thinking Classrooms. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin, 2021. Liljedahl gives strategies for making math classrooms more engaging and student-centered. These support anti-eugenic instruct.
Marks, Jonathan. Is Science Racist? Cambridge: Polity, 2017. Marks argues that science has often been used to support racist ideas. He encourages more critical thinking about data.
Peterson, Erik L. The Shortest History of Eugenics. New York: Experiment Publishing, 2024. Peterson gives a short, clear history of eugenics around the world.
Saini, Angela. Superior: The Return of Race Science. Boston: Beacon Press, 2019. Saini shows how race science is coming back in new forms.
Stramondo, Joseph. “Eugenics: Historical Practice to Present Day Technology.” Disability and Philanthropy Forum. Accessed March 30, 2025. Stramondo explains how eugenics still affects modern disability and health practices.
Weiss, Neil A. Introductory Statistics. Boston: Pearson, 2005. This textbook teaches both basic and some advanced statistics.
