Conventional Radiography, Tomography and Their Biological Effects
Marcella Flake and Carolyn Kinder
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Vocabulary
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1. Anode—One of the two important parts on the x-ray tube that is a positive electrode.
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2. Cathode—The negative terminal of the x-ray tube.
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3. Centiliter—1/100 of a liter.
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4. Centimeter—1/100 of a meter.
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5. Concave lens—Cause light rays to spread out.
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6. Contrast materials—density difference.
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7. Convex lens—bends light rays to meet at a point.
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8. Deciliter—1/10 of a liter.
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9. Decimeter—1/10 of a meter.
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10. Electromagnetic spectrum—The spectrum of long wavelengths, low frequency, low energy to shorter wavelengths with high frequency and high energy.
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11. Fluorescence—When x-rays incident to certain materials emit radiation of longer wavelengths.
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12. Frequency—The number of crests that pass a given point in a second.
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13. Hertz—In the U.S. almost all electrical energy is supplied in cycles per second; this means that the direction of electron inflow or current is reversed 60 times every second.
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14. Hertz, Heihrish R. (1857—1894)—He developed the electromagnetic theory of light and discovered radio waves, occasionally called hertzian waves.
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15. Identify—Diagnose.
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16. Ionized gases—When x-rays remove electrons from atoms to form ions.
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17. Lens—When glass is shaped with curved sides to bend light the way we want it to go.
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18. Liter—A metric measurement pertaining to liquids.
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19. Medical Imaging—The science of seeing inside the human body with the use of modalities such as conventional x-ray, tomography and fluoroscopy.
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20. Meter—A unit of measurement pertaining to length or height.
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21. Milliliter—1/1000 of a liter.
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22. Millimeter—1/1000 of a meter.
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23. Newton, Issac (1642-1727)—Born in England, was considered to be one of the greatest scientists who ever lived. In the field of light, he discovered the nature of white light and explained the spectrum.
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24. Opticians—Lens makers.
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25. Photographic process—High speed film that requires less radiation.
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26. Principal focus—The point at which the convex-bent light rays meet.
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27. Radiograph—A visible photographic record on film produced when x-rays pass through an object or a body. This is the x-ray picture.
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28. Radiography—The science of x-rays with reference to diagnosis.
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29. Radiologic technologist—A skilled medical person certified by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
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30. Radiologist—A physician trained in radiologic with at least four years of training after medical school
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31. Refraction—The bending of light rays.
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32. Ršntgen, Wilhelm Conrad—A German physicist who discovered x-rays in 1895.
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33. Scattered radiation—Excess radiation given off from the x-ray machine not utilized to take the actual radiograph.
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35. Tomography—A technique that provides an image of any selected plane through the body while blurring out images of structures that lie above or below that plane.
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36. Transparent—Clear.
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37. Virtual object—An image not real.
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35. Wavelengths—The distance from crest to crest.
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39. X-ray—A form of electromagnetic radiation which is invisible for it is comprised of shorter wavelengths than visible light.
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40. X-ray machine—An instrument that sends out x-rays that are carefully calculated and controlled. This radiation is directed toward a specific part of the body in an effort to get a picture of that specific body part.
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41. X-ray room—A room in which x-rays are taken. The floors and walls are shielded.
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42. X-ray tube—The source of x-rays. Allows fast moving electrons to collide with the tungsten target producing x-radiation.
