Deborah L. Turnbull
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1. State _____ River System _____
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Name of Stream __________
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Stream Section __________
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From: _____ To: _____
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Length of Section: __________
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Sketch (show trails, roads, tributaries, surrounding land use)
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2. Flora and Fauna
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a. Flora:
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Note species, size, color, abundance, growth, habits, etc.
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1. seedplants—emergent, floating, submerged, by stream margins.
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2. Algae or plankton—those that float or cover the bottom.
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b. Fauna:
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Note species, size, abundance, feeding habits, stages or ages found, special adaptations or activities
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1. Invertebrates and vertebrates
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Freeswimming
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Walking on surface
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Sessile on vegetation
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Sessile on stones, logs, rocks, bottoms
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Burrowers
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Tube dwellers
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3. Water Chemistry and Weather Conditions
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Oxygen _____
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Air Temperature _____
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Carbon Dioxide _____
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Cloud Cover _____
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pH _____
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Time _____
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Temperature _____
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Precipitation _____
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Density _____
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Wind Velocity _____
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Salinity _____
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Low Tide _____
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High Tide _____
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*Note: To determine salinity from density and temperature, see the tables in Micky Weiss’s book,
lnvestigating the Marine Environment: A Sourcebook
, listed in the Bibliography.
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4. Physical Characteristics of the Stream
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Average Width and Depth __________
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Bottom Type __________
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Pool or Riffle __________
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Character of Watershed: mountainous, hilly, flat, swampy, wooded, open, cultivated, uncultivated, etc.
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Surrounding land use observed __________
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Character of subsoil, bedrock __________
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Volume and velocity of water __________
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* Note: To determine water velocity and flow:
Velocity:
1. Locate two points 100 feet apart
2. record the time it takes for a float to drift between the two points
3. compute the number of feet traveled per second by dividing the time in seconds into the distance
Volume or rate of flow:
R = WDaL
T
where R = volume of flow in cubic feet per second
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W = average width of stream in feet
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D = average depth in feet
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a = constant factor for bottom type
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smooth sand = 0.9
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rough rocks = 0.8
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L = length of stream section measured
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T = time in seconds to float the measured distance.(15)