1. Jennifer Hochschild and Nathan Scovronick, The American Dream and the Public Schools (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2003),1.
2. Jolie Lee, "Still Apart: Map shows states with most-segregated schools," USA Today, May 15, 2014, Accessed June 23, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2014/05/15/school-segregation-civil-rights-project/9115823/.
3. Ibid.
4. Robert Cotto, Jr. and Kenneth Feder, "Choice Watch: Diversity and Access in Connecticut's School Choice Programs", Connecticut Voices For Children, April 2014, Accessed July 16, 2014, http://www.ctvoices.org/sites/default/files/edu14choicewatchfull.pdf, 24 – 26.
5. James E. Ryan, Five Miles Away, A World Apart: One City, Two Schools, and the Story of Educational Opportunity in Modern America (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2010), 121.
6. Richard Rothstein, For Public Schools, Segregation Then, Segregation Since: Education and the Unfinished March (Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute, 2013), 3.
7. Ibid, 3.
8. Ibid, 4.
9. John Herbers, "Negro Education is Found Inferior," The New York Times, July 2, 1966, 18.
10 Ibid.
11. Ryan, 68 – 69, 94 – 98. The material in the next four paragraphs is drawn from the work of Jim Ryan, pages 68 – 69 and 94 -98 regarding a famous Richard Nixon speech and its affect on legal and social conditions in the U.S in 1972.
12. Ryan, 70.
13. Ibid, 68 – 69.
14. Richard Nixon, "Transcript of Nixon's Statement on School Busing", New York Times, March 17, 1972, 22.
15. Ryan, 97.
16. Ryan, 91 – 93.
17. Ibid, 93 – 97.
18. Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974).
19. Ryan, 103 – 105.
20. Emma Weiss and Emma Garcia, "Black and Hispanic Kindergarteners Are Disproportionately in High-Poverty Schools", Economic Policy Institute, June 25, 2014, Accessed July 19
th
, 2014, http://www.epi.org/publication/black-hispanic-kindergartners-disproportionately/.
21. Mark Yudof et al., Educational Policy and the Law5th ed. (USA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011), 468 – 490.
22. Ibid, 445.
23. Ibid, 485 – 489.
24. Ryan, 112 – 115.
25. "Scope and Sequence Journey," Facing History and Ourselves, accessed May 25, 2014, https://www.facinghistory.org/for-educators/educator-resources/our-pedagogy/scope-and-sequence.
26. Dan Rothstein and Luz Santana, Make Just One Change: Teach Students to Ask Their Own Questions (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, 2011), 15 – 26.
27. Meizhu Lui et al., The Color of Wealth: The Story Behind the U.S. Racial Wealth Divide (New York, NY: The New Press, 2006), 8 – 13.
28. Accessed May 25, 2014, http://www.albany.edu/ssw/efc/pdf/Module%205_1_Privilege%20Walk%20Activity.pdf. Privilege walks, which this activity is built upon, are found anywhere on the web. A note about these: the participation in this is a difficult task. You will be requiring people who may be uncomfortable with their level of privilege or lack thereof to acknowledge and engage in a discussion about this. It involves issues of identity and without proper trust-building before this activity could result in a negative outcome of learning for the class. Approach this with caution – be prepared to build and acknowledge the danger to your students.
29. Fortgang, Tal, "Checking My Privilege: Character as the Basis for Privilege", The Princeton Tory, accessed May 25. 2014, http://theprincetontory.com/main/checking-my-privilege-character-as-the-basis-of-privilege/.
30. Lee, USA Today May 15, 2014.
31. Cotto, Jr. and Feder f, 24 – 26 and Appendix 1- 8.
32. Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974), Accessed July 16, 2014, http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Milliken_v._Bradley.
33. Ryan, 127 – 135.
34. "The State-Local Partnership For Education: An Unbalanced Relationship", Connecticut Conference of Municipalities, 2011, Accessed July 19, 2014, http://advocacy.ccm-ct.org/Resources.ashx?id=e9ec4b7a-9387-4679-95cc-6b748ff86412, 8.
35. "New Haven Public Schools Site Based Budget 2013 – 2014", City of New Haven, Accessed May 25, 2014, http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/uploads/Complete_2013-2014_Budget_Book.pdf, 239 – 319.