I.
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Imperialism as a force in world affairs in the last quarter of the nineteenth century
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A.
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A stronger force in Europe than U.S. because of major European powers’ scramble for territory
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B.
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Economic causes
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C.
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Patriotic and idealistic causes
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D.
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Meaning of “the white man’s burden” and resentment of other races
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E.
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Men and causes leading to American imperialism
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II.
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The Spanish-American War, 1898
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A.
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The Cuban rebellion of 1895Ð1898
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1.
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American sympathy with revolutionists stirred by “yellow press”
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2.
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Difficulties of remaining neutral
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3.
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Spanish refusal to compromise
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4.
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Sinking of the
Maine
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B.
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The declaration of war
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1.
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Explanation for popularity of war measures with most Americans
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2.
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McKinley’s reluctance to go to war
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3.
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Final action by McKinley and Congress bringing us to war
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a.
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Teller Amendment
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b.
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Significance
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4.
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Extent to which U.S. was justified in going to war
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C.
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Our military record
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1.
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On land
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a.
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Evidences of inefficiency
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b.
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San Juan and the “Rough Riders”
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c.
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Capture of Santiago
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d.
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Occupation of Puerto Rico
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e.
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Reasons for success
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2.
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On the sea
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a.
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Sampson’s defeat of Cervera’s fleet off Santiago
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b.
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Dewey’s victory at Manila Bay and resulting capture of Manila by American troops
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c.
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Reasons for American success
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D.
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The peace treaty
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1.
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Debate on whether U.S. should acquire the Philippines
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a.
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Arguments for, including McKinley’s justification
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b.
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Arguments and important leaders against
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2.
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Final terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898)
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E.
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Results of the War
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1.
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Domination of Caribbean
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2.
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Annexation of Hawaii
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3.
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Colonial possessions, responsibilities, and interests in Far East
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III.
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American policy towards China
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A.
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Helplessness of China before 1900
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1.
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Beginning of process of parceling out Chinese territory
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a.
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European spheres of influence and relation to American opportunities for trade
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2.
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Reasons for American opposition
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3.
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Effect of ownership of Philippines on our concern about what happened in China
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B.
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John Hay and the Open Door Policy
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C.
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The Boxer Rebellion
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1.
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American help in preventing partition
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2.
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American help in scaling down indemnities
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D.
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American gestures of good will
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IV.
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Our overseas empire
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A.
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Main problems in governing an overseas empire
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1.
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Form of government
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2.
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Granting American citizenship to all
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3.
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Allowing foreign goods to enter U.S. without duty
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B.
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Reasons Hawaii constituted no real problem
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C.
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Puerto Rico
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1.
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Benefits of American rule
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2.
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Difficulties under American rule
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3.
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Degree of self-government given Puerto Rico
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a.
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Explanation of right of any Puerto Rican to enter U.S. at present time
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b.
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Extent to which we control Puerto Rico at present time
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D.
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Difficulties in ruling the Philippines
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1.
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Reasons for doubting ability of Filipinos to rule themselves
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2.
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The Philippine insurrection and American military action
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a.
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Reasons American military action against Filipinos violated American traditions
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b.
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American policy as announced by McKinley
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3.
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Ways in which American imperialism in Philippines differed from most European imperialism
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a.
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Achievements of American rule in the Philippines
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b.
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Extent to which we have reason to be proud or ashamed of our record
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E.
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Problem of Constitution following the flag
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1.
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Decision of Supreme Court in “insular cases”
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2.
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Later Congressional legislation
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F.
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American relations with Cuba
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1.
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Reasons U.S. felt it should not withdraw immediately
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2.
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American achievements in Cuba
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3.
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Cuban progress toward self-government
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a.
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Meaning of Cuba as American protectorate
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b.
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Restrictions of Platt Amendment and extent, if any, to which it violated Teller Amendment
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c.
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Circumstances under which U.S. secured Guantanamo
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d.
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Evaluation of record of U.S. in Cuba in early nineteenth century
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V.
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Imperialism as a political issue
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A.
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Meaning of imperialism
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B.
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Role in the election of 1900
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C.
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McKinley’s awareness of America’s new position in the world and its relation to needed tariff changes
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VI.
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Theodore Roosevelt, President
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A.
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Circumstances under which he became Vice-President
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B.
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Circumstances under which McKinley was assassinated
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VII.
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Roosevelt’s foreign policy in the Caribbean
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A.
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Defense of Venezuela from possible European aggression in 1902
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1.
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Nature of German action
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2.
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Nature of American action
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3.
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Most recent challenge to Monroe Doctrine
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B.
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The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
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1.
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Problems posed by Drago Doctrine
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2.
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Explanation of Roosevelt Corollary
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a.
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Implications for U.S. and Latin America
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b.
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Extent to which it enlarged Monroe Doctrine
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3.
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Circumstances under which Roosevelt Corollary first used
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a.
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Collection of Dominican custom duties by U.S. in 1905
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VIII.
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Roosevelt’s diplomacy in the Far East.
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A.
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Reason policy of the “Big Stick” not applicable
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B.
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Difficulties in maintaining Open Door in China and defending Philippines in event of attack
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1.
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Value in keeping balance of power between nations with territorial ambitions in Far East.
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2.
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Meaning of Roosevelt’s reference to the Philippines as the “Achilles heel” of American defense.
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a.
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Did World War I prove T. R. right or wrong?
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b.
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Did World War II prove T. R. right or wrong?
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C.
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Japanese and Russian policies of expansion lead to Russo-Japanese War
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1.
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Reason American public opinion at first favorable to Japan
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2.
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Effect of ease of Japanese victories
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3.
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Roosevelt as peacemaker
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a.
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Final provisions of Treaty of Portsmouth
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b.
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Effect on balance of power in Far East
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c.
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Effect on Japanese public opinion toward U.S. because of failure to secure money indemnity from Russia
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d.
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Nobel Peace Prize to Roosevelt
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IX.
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Later difficulties with Japan
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A.
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T. R.’s attempt to solve them
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1.
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Playing up of “yellow peril” by “yellow press”
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2.
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Discrimination against Japanese children in California public schools as a result of rising opposition to Japanese immigration
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a.
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Japan’s part in compromise effected by the Gentlemen’s Agreement
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b.
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U.S. part in compromise
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B.
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Settlement regarding the balance of power in the Far East
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1.
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Root-Takahira Agreement of 1908
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2.
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Roosevelt’s demonstration of American naval power
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C.
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Failure under President Taft to prevent discrimination against American businessmen in Manchuria
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X.
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Other Rooseveltian diplomacy
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A.
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Roosevelt’s involvement in European politics with respect to Morocco
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1.
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Success and significance of intervention
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2.
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Attitude of U.S. Senate and its significance
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B.
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Support of use of arbitration for settling international disputes
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1.
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Meaning of arbitration
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2.
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American participation in Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907 and establishment of Hague Tribunal
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3.
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U.S. record of use of arbitration in previous administrations and in the Roosevelt period
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4.
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Significance of restrictions placed in arbitration treaties made with individual countries at this time
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5.
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Role arbitration plays or should play in our present foreign policy
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C.
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Improvement of the Army and Navy
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1.
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Manner in which this was effected
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2.
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Elihu Root as Secretary of War
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3.
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Relation of such improvement to effective American diplomacy
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D.
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Improvement of the diplomatic corps
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1.
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Manner in which this was effected
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2.
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Elihu Root as Secretary of State
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XI.
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Evaluation of foreign policy of Theodore Roosevelt
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A.
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Desirable elements
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B.
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Undesirable elements
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C.
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Extent to which this period and the McKinley period indicate a willingness to take on world-wide responsibility
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