1 Marcia Ascher, Mathematics Elsewhere: An Exploration of Ideas Across Cultures (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002), 200.
2 Melinda D. Anderson, “How does Race Affect a Student’s Math Education?,” The Atlantic, accessed July 27, 2022, https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2017/04/racist-math-education/524199/.
3 Erin Richards, “Math scores stink in America. Other countries teach it differently -and see higher achievement,” USA Today, accessed July 27, 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/education/2020/02/28/math-scores-high-school-lessons-freakonomics-pisa-algebra-geometry/4835742002/.
4 Richards, “Math scores stink in America. Other countries teach it differently -and see higher achievement.”
5 Curtis Acosta, “Tipu Connections, Love, and Liberation,” in Rethinking Ethnic Studies, ed. R. Tolteka Cuauhtin, Miguel Zavala, Christine Sleeter, Wayne Au (Milwaukee, WI: Rethinking Schools, 2019), 274
6 David Stinson, “A Commentary on Theoretical and Political Perspectives Toward Equity and Justice in Mathematics Education,” in Toward Equity and Social Justice in Mathematics Education, ed. Tonya Gau Bartell (Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018), 100.
7 Francis Su, Mathematics for Human Flourishing (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2020), 6.
8 Su, Mathematics for Human Flourishing, 190
9 Julius Davis, “Using Critical Race Theory as a Pedagogical, Theoretical, Methodological, and Analytical Tool in Mathematics Education for Black Students in Urban Areas,” in Critical Race Theory in Mathematics Education, ed. Davis, Julius and Christopher C. Jett (New York: Routledge, 2019), 183.
10 Andrew Atterbury, “Mystery solved? Florida reveals why it rejected math books over critical race theory,” Politico, accessed July 27, 2022, https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/05/fldoe-releases-math-textbook-reviews-00030503.
11 Robert Q. Berry III, “Disrupting Policies and Reforms in Mathematics Education to Address the Needs of Marginalized Learners,” in Toward Equity and Social Justice in Mathematics Education, ed. Tonya Gau Bartell (Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018), 16.
12 V. Walkerdine, “Difference, Cognition, and Mathematics Education” in Ethnomathematics: Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, ed. Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1997), 294.
13 Davis, “Using Critical Race Theory as a Pedagogical, Theoretical, Methodological, and Analytical Tool in Mathematics Education for Black Students in Urban Areas,” 200.
14 Davis, 202.
15 Su, 12.
16 “Education: Cooperative High School,” US News and World Report, accessed March 1, 2022, https://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/connecticut/districts/new-haven-school-district/cooperative-high-school-4499#test_scores_section
17 Ascher, Mathematics Elsewhere: An Exploration of Ideas Across Cultures, 2.
18 M. Ascher and R. Ascher, “Ethnomathematics” in Ethnomathematics: Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, ed. Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1997), 32.
19 A.B. Powell and M. Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum” in Ethnomathematics: Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, ed. Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1997), 296.
20 Powell and Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum,” 306.
21 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure, trans. Michael Henry Heim (New York: Picador, 1997), 1.
22 “which one doesn’t belong,” accessed May 1, 2022, https://www.wodb.ca
23 Su, 50.
24 Powell and Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum,” 295.
25 Berry III, “Disrupting Policies and Reforms in Mathematics Education to Address the Needs of Marginalized Learners,” 13.
26 Robert P. Moses and Charles E. Cobb, Jr, Radical Equations: Civil Rights from Mississippi to the Algebra Project (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2001), 191.
27 Amanda Jansen, Rough Draft Math: Revising to Learn (Portsmouth, NH: Stenhouse Publishers, 2020), 17.
28 Su, 120.
29 Leo Corry, A Brief History of Numbers (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), XiX.
30 Evelyne Barbin et al., A History of Algorithms from the Pebble to the Microchip, ed. Jean- Luc Chabert (Paris, FR: Springer, 1994), 15.
31 Ascher and Ascher, “Ethnomathematics,” 311.
32 Powell and Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum,” 207.
33 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure, 9-26.
34 Charles Seife, Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea (London, UK: Souvenir Press, 2000), 72.
35 Barbin et al., A History of Algorithms from the Pebble to the Microchip, 22.
36 Ibid, 29-46.
37 Leo Corry, A Brief History of Numbers (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), 23.
38 A.B. Powell and M. Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum” in Ethnomathematics: Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, 35.
39 Powell and Frankenstein, “Ethnomathematical Praxis in the Curriculum,” 302.
40 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure, 49-64.
41 Su, Mathematics for Human Flourishing, 51.
42 Su, 23.
43 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure, 67-86.
44 Anderson, “Worldmath Curriculum: Fighting Eurocentrism in Mathematics,” 354.
45 Barbin et al., A History of Algorithms from the Pebble to the Microchip, 24.
46 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure, 90-104.
47 Ibid,, 107-122.
48 IBID, 25.
49 Ibid, 125-146.
50 Evelyne Barbin et al., A History of Algorithms from the Pebble to the Microchip, ed. Jean- Luc Chabert (Paris, FR: Springer, 1994), 7.
51 Ibid, 149-168.
52 Ibid, 171-188.
53 Ibid, 191-210.
54 Ibid, 183.
55 V. Walkerdine, “Difference, Cognition, and Mathematics Education” in Ethnomathematics: Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education, ed. Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1997), 255.
56 Su, 160