Computed Tomography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Mathematical Applications
Glen A. Hagemann and Joseph R. Cummins
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CT Glossary
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artifact—A portion of the CT image that does not represent anything really present in the patient.
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attenuation—The loss of x-rays from the x-ray beam.
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gray scale—Range of gray tones used in a CT scan display.
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image reconstruction—The production of a spatial image based on the x-ray attenuation data obtained during a scan.
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matrix—A mathematical grid that divides the scan into many small individual picture elements
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patient position—The orientation of the subject in space.
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a. supine—The dorsal surface of the patient is against the the bed.
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b. prone—The ventral surface of the patient is against the bed.
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c. Lateral Decubitus—The stated side of the patient is against the bed.
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resolution—A measure of the ability of an imaging system to distinguish and discriminate between small structures.
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tomogram—An image of a body slice in a specific plane.The tomogram is like a slice pulled from a loaf of bread.
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NMR Glossary
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angular momentum—A vector quantity expressing the intensity of rotational motion.
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lattice—Nuclear environment within which exchange of magnetic energy occurs by spin-lattice relaxation.
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magnetic moment—A vector quantity whose magnitude measures the torque exerted on a magnetic system when placed in a magnetic field.
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magnetic resonance—The response of nuclei to discrete radiation frequencies and magnetic fields which satisfy the Larmor condition.
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precession—A comparatively slow gyration of the rotational axis of a spinning body about another line intersecting it so as to describe a cone. Caused by the application of a torque tending to change the direction of the rotation axis.
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torque—A force that produces or tends to produce rotation.
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transmitter—Electronic device generating radio frequency waves.
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vector—quantity characterized by a magnitude and a direction.
