American Experience. “Eyes on The Prize (Part 1): Awakenings 1954-1956 Americas Civil Rights Movement.” July 21, 2016. Accessed April 20, 2020. YouTube Video, 49:55. https://youtu.be/NpY2NVcO17U. Part one of this documentary covers the historic Supreme Court Case Brown vs. The Board of Education, desegregation, Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycotts, the story of Emmett Till, and more.
American Experience. “Eyes on The Prize (Part 2): Fighting Back 1957 1962 Americas Civil Rights Movement.” December 3, 2017. Accessed April 20, 2020. YouTube Video, 1:08:42. https://youtu.be/3bb76CK3Cwc. Part two of this documentary covers the Little Rock Nine and their work to desegregate Arkansas’ Central High School, the integration of Autherine Lucy into the University of Alabama, who was eventually expelled by the Board of Directors after she won a case against them.
American Experience. “Eyes on The Prize (Part 3): Ain't Scared of Your Jails (1960-1961) Americas Civil Rights Movement.” Jul 22, 2016. Accessed April 22, 2020. YouTube Video, 55:11. https://youtu.be/aXG9lqr6qk4?list=PLfUJ8lTZUqUFx4V7yvomTplFSBq6MBc1E. Part three of this documentary covers nonviolent direction actions and sit ins and the lunch counters of Woolworth Stores and national chain stores by college students and the clergy. The sit ins were led by John Lewis, Diane Nash and Angela Butler. The three and more than 80 protestors were arrested for the sit ins and local store lunch counters. The movement of sit ins spread across the country and the presidential campaign of the 1960s of John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.
American Experience. “Freedom Riders: The Student Leader.” Mar 1, 2011. Accessed June 20, 2020. YouTube Video, 4:44. https://youtu.be/T2p5zvQlQ0k. This video is about Diane Nash, a student a Fisk University who began to lead sit ins in Tennessee. The major movement occurred after her meeting with Nashville’s mayor about the human rights of all individuals. Nash was also a coordinator of freedom rides. John Lewis and Julian Bond are also interviewed.
American Experience Films. “Freedom Summer Chapter 1.” Jun 18, 2014. Accessed July 20, 2020. YouTube Video, 8:58. https://youtu.be/fx_5B0MVeqk. The video follows the disappearance and eventual discovery of the three civil rights workers (Andrew Goodman, Rita and Mickey Schwerner) as part of the Freedom Riders with the Mississippi Freedom Project, registering others to vote.
Amsel, Amanda. City Beat. “Growing Up Under Apartheid…Daughter of famed archbishop comes to town.” City Beat (Cincinnati, Ohio) March 9, 2011, https://www.citybeat.com/news/article/13012319/growing-up-under-apartheid
Black History in Two Minutes. “Ella Baker - 'The Mother of the Civil Rights Movement.” March 13, 2020. Accessed July 21, 2020. YouTube Video, 3:01. https://youtu.be/McneFCdHUn0
BlackPast. Momodu, Samuel “Nashville sit-ins (1960).” August 3, 2016 https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/nashville-sit-ins-1960.
Britannica Kids. “Helen Suzman.” https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Helen-Suzman/602271
The Conversation. “Mandela’s lawyer Bram Fischer: a man who paid the ultimate price.” May 7, 2019. Accessed July 5, 2020. https://theconversation.com/mandelas-lawyer-bram-fischer-a-man-who-paid-the-ultimate-price-116436
CNN. “SNCC's legacy: A civil rights history.” YouTube Video, 5:56. Aug 27, 2010. https://youtu.be/QZE0a5-p9pg This video allows students to look at protests by college students who began the sit-ins, which in turn sparked participation in the civil rights movement.
Critical Past. “Civilians protest against government laws and apartheid policies in South Africa.” July 5, 2014. YouTube Video, 1:01. https://youtu.be/CLeHWppWGDg This quick clip covers original news footage of the Sharpeville Massacre in South Africa.
CueTube. "Ruth First: 117 Days." July 3, 2016. Accessed June 3, 2020. YouTube Video, 3:02. https://youtu.be/5Xu1x2wOEIk. This video clip provides viewers with a brief look into 117 days of imprisonment that Ruth First spent in prison. The adaptation is based on First's novel released in 1956. First, a white, female activist was held for interrogation by the South African’s apartheid system’s 90-day clause, which meant that you could be detained without probable cause.
Democracy Now!. “Polaroid & Apartheid: Inside the Beginnings of the Boycott, Divestment Movement Against South Africa.” December 13, 2013. Accessed June 5, 2020. YouTube Video, 16:42. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXVSdqnCl5k. This source allows you to see the direct impact of Caroline Hunter who influenced change in South Africa by forcing her company to look at its practices. African Americans working at Polaroid in Massachusetts created a boycott of the company's practices which began a divestment movement at their company against Apartheid in the 1970s
Duke Human Rights Center. “The Pauli Murray Project.” https://paulimurrayproject.org/. This site contains the timeline of Pauline Murray’s life as well as important papers related to her life work as an activist and lawyer.
Harvard University Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. “Rediscovering Pauli Murray,” May 19, 2017. Accessed June 1, 2020. YouTube Video, 1:13:05. https://youtu.be/KVpfudHHsVI. This helpful video for teachers only is a panel discussion about Pauline Murray’s life. The Schlesinger Library holds the Papers of Pauli Murray, who died in 1985. The collection includes audio interviews, correspondence, legal briefs, speeches, etc.
Hiaasen, Rob. “Leon's story For years, custodian Leon Tillage told Park School students his heart-rending story of growing up in the segregated South. Now, his tales have become an acclaimed children's story -- and a lesson in the vagaries of memory.” The Baltimore Sun. (Baltimore, Maryland) November 23, 1997 Accessed July 19, 2020. https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1997-11-23-1997327157-story.html
History.com editors. “Apartheid.” The History Channel. OCT 7, 2010. Updated March 3, 2020. Accessed June 7, 2020. https://www.history.com/topics/africa/apartheid. This video takes a look at the restrictions of Apartheid through the experiences of Nelson Mandela
The History Channel. “Miracle Rising South Africa.” April 17, 2013. Video, 1:32. https://youtu.be/IKDrRdfvUg8.
Home Box Office. Kundhardt Film Foundation. “Diane Nash Full Interview - King in the Wilderness.” August 1, 2018. Accessed June 21,2020. YouTube Video, 1:10:02. https://youtu.be/qYaGKmsCVjc. The work of Diane Nash, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Civil Rights Movement after the death of three little girls in the church bombing in Alabama.
Lowell Milken Center. “Jane Crow: The Little Known Story of Pauli Murray.” September 15, 2017. Accessed Jun 15,2020. YouTube Video, 11:45. https://youtu.be/Rxt0tbsWQfU. The story of Pauline “Pauli” Murray’s life and work in the Civil Rights Movement.
Mamie Till Mobley Foundation. “The Untold Story of EMMETT LUIS TILL (Documentary 2005).” Nov 20, 2012. Accessed March 20, 2020. YouTube Video, 1:08:18. https://youtu.be/bvijYSJtkQk. This is the story of Emmett Till, a youth from Chicago, who went to visit with family in Mississippi and was taken from his uncle’s home and killed by white men. Documentary shows the life and culture of black Americans living in the south during the Jim Crow Era. This video, for mature middle school audiences, makes comparisons to Apartheid in South Africa.
Minnesota Experience Twin Cities Public Television. “Jim Crow of the North - Full-Length Documentary.” Feb 25, 2019. Accessed July 10, 2020. YouTube Video, 57:36. https://youtu.be/XWQfDbbQv9E. This video talks about the practice of denying Madison Jackson, a pullman porter with a law degree who bought land in Prospect Park Minneapolis in an all-white community. This video tells the struggle of the black family who refused to move in 1909. There was a race war – the white community held many meetings telling the family and another black family of William Simpson that they would forcibly remove them. The practice of racial covenants to use real estate agreements or private contracts and racial restrictions or agreements hidden in deeds to keep black families out of white communities.
Mississippi Public Broadcasting. “Fannie Lou Hamer: Stand Up.” October 5, 2017. Accessed June 5, 2020. YouTube Video, 26:46. https://youtu.be/CxTReRmH2jA. This documentary covers the attempt of black southerners to vote in early 1960’s and the life of Fannie Lou Hamer with interviews of Hamer, her daughter, Civil Rights Leader Charles Cobb and others. Her work with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and running for congress under the New Mississippi Democratic Party is also covered.
Mississippi Public Broadcasting. “1964: The Fight for a Right.” Oct 4, 2018. Accessed July 17, 2020. YouTube Video, 56:46. https://youtu.be/ZOX36uYgMys. In depth video on Jim Crow laws after slavery.
Nodjimbadem, Katie. "A Look Back at South Africa Under Apartheid, Twenty-Five Years After Its Repeal." Smithsonian.com. October 15, 2015. Accessed June 05, 2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/what-did-apartheid-south-africa-look-180956945/. While Apartheid legally came to an end on October 15, 1990, many inequities remain today. Many of the traces of Apartheid have impacted the country's balance of land ownership -- meaning the black South Africans own less land than whites in their country.
Palm Pictures. “Mandela: Son of Africa, Father of a Nation: Full Documentary.” April 15, 2016. Accessed June 20,2020. https://youtu.be/0_eYnCrh6gU. This documentary, nominated for an Oscar Award in 1996, is about Nelson Mandela.
PBS. “Independent Lens: Have You Heard From Johannesburg Part 4 The Bottom Line.” Jan 15, 2012. Accessed July 20, 2020. https://youtu.be/DpcdmLLor8M. Part of a series on the divestment process of many companies from South Africa. For full movie information see the Independent Television Service, which is funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting
PBS News Hour. “A ruthless defender of apartheid now seeks forgiveness.” Feb 17, 2016. Accessed July 20, 2020. https://youtu.be/ttL8P3NK4zY. Former Minister of Law and Order during Apartheid, Adriaan Vlok, changes his beliefs and now helps black South Africans more than 30 years after the end of Apartheid.
Schulz, Kathryn. The New Yorker. “The Many Lives of Pauli Murray: She was an architect of the civil-rights struggle—and the women’s movement. Why haven’t you heard of her?.” The New Yorker Magazine. (New York, New York) April 17, 2017. Accessed July 20, 2020 https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/04/17/the-many-lives-of-pauli-murray
Smith, Candace. Pitt, Byron. “Inside the all-white 'Apartheid town' of Orania, South Africa.” ABC News (New York, New York) April 11, 2019. Accessed May 20, 2020 https://abcnews.go.com/International/inside-white-apartheid-town-orania-south-africa/story?id=62337338
South African History Online. Miriam Makeba, UN, 1963 South African Apartheid. Miriam Makeba, UN, 1963 South African Apartheid. March 17, 2015. Accessed June 03, 2020. https://youtu.be/Pc0GqSHiXH0. This short video clip show Miriam Makeba addressing the United Nations in 1963 about the injustice of Apartheid--her mother who was a domestic worker even faced jail time when Miriam, known as "Mother Africa" was only 18 days old for selling homemade beer. Selling home-brewed beer was illegal for black Africans during that time and Miriam ended spending several months in jail as an infant alongside her incarcerated mother.
South Carolina ETV. “Septima Clark.” November 14, 2014. Accessed June 10, 2020. YouTube Video, 5:38. https://youtu.be/yd5kP1fGdDE. The life and work of educator Septima Clark is discussed. She was also called the ‘‘Mother of the Civil Rights Movement.”
Swarns, Rachel L. "Tsakane Journal; Apartheid Still Burdens A Girl Who Didn't Fit." Tsakane Journal / New York Times (New York), June 10, 2000, sec. A. Accessed July 23, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/10/world/tsakane-journal-apartheid-still-burdens-a-girl-who-didn-t-fit.html. This article is about the life of Sandra Laing who was born to white Afrikaners, but she was born black. Although tested as being the true daughter of white parents, this article talks about the racism she experienced within her family and South Africa.
Thurow, Aishling and Lemberger, Anna. ”7 women civil rights leaders you need to know.” February 24, 2015. Accessed June 7, 2020. ONE Campaign ONE Action (Washington, DC) https://www.one.org/us/blog/7-kick-ass-women-civil-rights-leaders-you-need-to-know/. This article focuses on several little-known leaders or influencers of the Civil Rights Movement.
Townsend, Jacinda. “How the Green Book Helped African-American Tourists Navigate a Segregated Nation: Listing hotels, restaurants and other businesses open to African-Americans, the guide was invaluable for Jim-Crow era travelers.” Smithsonian.com. April 2016. Accessed July10, 2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/history-green-book-african-american-travelers-180958506/
University of London School of Advanced Study. First, Ruth. “Ruth First Papers.” https://www.ruthfirstpapers.org.uk/
Walker, Eugene. “Ella Baker Speaks! My Life in the Movement…Oral History Interview Part 1.” May 18, 2015. Access June 10, 2020. YouTube Video, 1:01:37. https://youtu.be/aHmXeFVvk4c. Eugene Walker interviews Ella Baker on September 4, 1974. This is part 1 of a series of three during which Ms. Baker, who was known at the driving force behind much of the work with Dr. Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement.
Winsor, Morgan. “Apartheid and Jim Crow are really no different': Why George Floyd's death reverberated in Africa.” Good Morning America. July 12, 2020. Accessed July 20, 2020. https://www.yahoo.com/gma/apartheid-jim-crow-really-no-different-why-george-130100755--abc-news-topstories.html. This article is a good source comparing recent events involving George Floyd, with Apartheid and Jim Crow.