Curricular Resources > 2021 Volume IV > Unit 1 (21.04.01) > Section 12

The Earth’s Greenhouse and Global Warming

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 21.04.01

Unit Guide

The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Marine Ecosystems

Somi Devi Akella

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Bibliography

Anthony, K. R., D. I. Kline, G. Diaz-Pulido, S. Dove, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. “Ocean Acidification Causes Bleaching and Productivity Loss in Coral Reef Builders.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 45 (2008): 17442–46. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804478105.

This article highlights the effect of ocean acidification on bleaching and productivity loss of coral reef builders.

Archer, David. Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2012.

The author highlighted the phenomenon of global warming, causes of and effects of this phenomena on the heath of our planet and its inhabitants.

Biochemlife. Ocean Acidification Infographic. WIKIMEDIA COMMONS. WIKIMEDIA, March 4, 2018. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ocean_Acidification_Infographic.jpg.

This image explains the what ocean acidification is and how it effects the shell formation of marine animals and the rest of the marine ecosystems.

"Carbon Cycle - Understanding Global Change". 2021. Understanding Global Change. https://ugc.berkeley.edu/background-content/carbon-cycle/.

This image explains the process of the carbon cycle as well as the movement of carbon between the land, water bodies such as rivers and oceans, and the atmosphere.

"Carbon Cycle | National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration". 2019. Noaa.Gov. arehttps://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/climate/carbon-cycle.

This website explains the process of carbon cycle.

"Carbon Dioxide And Carbonic Acid". 2006. Ion.Chem.Usu.Edu. http://ion.chem.usu.edu/~sbialkow/Classes/3650/Carbonate/Carbonic%20Acid.html.are

This website helps understanding the process of CO₂ absorption by the oceans resulting in the formation of carbonic acid.

Connecticut Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS-CT): A Toolkit For Local School Boards". 2020. Portal.Ct.Gov. https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/SDE/Science/NGSS_Boards.pdf?la=en.

This document is created as a toolkit for local school boards. It highlights the Connecticut Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS-CT)

“Effects of Ocean and Coastal Acidification on Marine Life.” EPA. Environmental Protection

Agency, December 21, 2016. https://www.epa.gov/ocean-acidification/effects-ocean-and-coastal-acidification-marine-life.

The Environmental Protection Agency explains the effects of ocean acidification on marine life. The information includes several images that detail the acidification process.

Egleston, Eric S., Christopher L. Sabine, and François M. M. Morel. 2010. “Revelle Revisited: Buffer Factors That Quantify the Response of Ocean Chemistry to Changes in DIC and Alkalinity.” Global Biogeochemical Cycles 24 (1): n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gb003407.

This article details the usage of the Revelle factor and other buffer factors to explain ocean acidification.

Ekstorm et.al., 2015. "CONNECTICUT IS AT HIGH RISK FOR ECONOMIC HARM DUE TO OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACCORDING TO NEW STUDY". Nrdc.Org. https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/state-vulnerability-CT.pdf.

This article explains the impact of ocean acidification on the state of Connecticut coastline.

“Follow the Carbon.” Exploratorium, October 2, 2020. https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/follow-the-carbon.

This website explains hands-on activities for students.

Frölicher, Thomas L., Erich M. Fischer, and Nicolas Gruber. "Marine Heatwaves under Global Warming." Nature News. August 15, 2018. Accessed March 30, 2021. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0383-9.

This article explains the effect global warming on marine heatwaves.

"Global Carbon Project (GCP)." Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes. Accessed March 30, 2021. https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/reccap/index.htm.

This website highlighted the carbon cycle process.

Haw, Jim. 2013. “The Effects of Climate Change on Coral Reef Health.” Scientific American Blog Network. Scientific American. June 5, 2013. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/expeditions/the-effects-of-climate-change-on-coral-reef-health/.

This article highlights the effects of climate change on coral reef health.

Jacob, Daniel. 1999. “‘Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry.’” Acmg.seas.harvard.edu. Princeton University Press. 1999. http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/bookchap6.html.

This book features the introduction to atmospheric chemistry. The chapter 6 focused on the geochemical cycles such as the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen cycles, and so forth.

Jennifer Chu | MIT News Office. “Ocean Acidification May Cause Dramatic Changes to Phytoplankton.” MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Accessed May 20, 2021. https://news.mit.edu/2015/ocean-acidification-phytoplankton-0720.

In this article the author identified the effects of ocean acidification on the producers such as phytoplankton.

Jiang, Li-Qing, Brendan R. Carter, Richard A. Feely, Siv K. Lauvset, and Are Olsen. 2019. “Surface Ocean PH and Buffer Capacity: Past, Present and Future.” Scientific Reports 9 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55039-4.

The article focuses on the change in the ocean chemistry due to the change in the anthropogenic carbon dioxide.

Karl, T. R., A. Arguez, B. Huang, J. H. Lawrimore, J. R. Mcmahon, M. J. Menne, T. C. Peterson, R. S. Vose, and H.-M. Zhang. "Possible Artifacts of Data Biases in the Recent Global Surface Warming Hiatus." Science 348, no. 6242 (June 26, 2015): 1469-472. Accessed March 30, 2021. doi:10.1126/science.aaa5632.

In this articles, the authors focus on data biases with regards to the global surface warming Hiatus.

Laffoley, D, and J M Baxter. 2016. “IUCN GLOBAL MARINE and POLAR PROGRAMME.” IUCN. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/2016-046_0.pdf.

This article focuses on the effect of ocean warming on the survival of the marine ecosystems.

Lindsey, Rebecca, and Michon Scott. 2010. “What Are Phytoplankton?” Nasa.gov. NASA Earth Observatory. July 16, 2010. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/Phytoplankton.

This article explains the importance of Phytoplankton as the foundation of marine food webs.

MacMillan, Amanda. "Global Warming 101." NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council) 224, no. 5215 (March 11, 2011): 101. Accessed March 30, 2021. doi:10.1038/224101a0.

Everything one needs to know about the changing climate and the what, where, how, and other details about global warming

The author talks about the global warming in detail.

McAuliffe, Kathleen. "Ocean Acidification: A Global Case of Osteoporosis." Discover Magazine. May 21, 2019. Accessed May 27, 2021. https://www.discovermagazine.com/environment/ocean-acidification-a-global-case-of-osteoporosis.

The author cleverly compares the process ocean acidification process to the osteoporosis, which is a disease of the bones.

Miller, Kenneth R., and Joseph S. Levine. Miller & Levine Biology. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2019.

The biology textbook used to collect information about Global Warming, Acid rain, and climate change.

Monroe, Rob. The Keeling Curve, September 19, 2018. https://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/.

The articles explains the Keeling Curve and its origin, history, and its importance.

Monroe, Rob. “How Much Can The Oceans Take Up?” The Keeling Curve, November 19, 2020. https://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/2013/07/03/how-much-co2-can-the-oceans-take-up/.

In this article the author explains the process of the ocean acidification.

NOAA. 2020. “What Is Coral Bleaching?” Noaa.gov. November 5, 2020. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral_bleach.html.

This article details the process of coral bleaching.

National Osteoporosis Foundation. 2015. “Learn What Osteoporosis Is and What It’s Caused By.” National Osteoporosis Foundation. 2015. https://www.nof.org/patients/what-is-osteoporosis/.

This article details the process of osteoporosis. It also explains the process, how it negatively affects the bone health, and its diagnosis and prevention.

NSTA. “Science and Engineering Practices.” NGSS@NSTA. Accessed March 29, 2021. https://ngss.nsta.org/PracticesFull.aspx.

This document highlights the 8 NGSS practices; Asking Questions and Defining Problems, Developing and Using Models, Planning and Carrying out Investigations, Analyzing and Investigation Data, Using Mathematical and Computational Thinking, Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions, Engaging in Argument from Evidence, and Obtaining, Evaluating and Communicating Information.

“Ocean Acidification in a Cup.” Exploratorium, October 2, 2020. https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/ocean-acidification-in-cup?media=7385.

Exploratory, hands-on activities for students with the main focus of ocean acidification.

"Ocean Acidification." | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. April 01, 2020. Accessed May 31, 2021. https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts/ocean-acidification.

The article discusses the phenomenon of ocean acidification.

"Ocean Acidification Program - Pteropods". 2021. Oceanacidification.Noaa.Gov. Accessed June 6.https://oceanacidification.noaa.gov/WhatWeDo/BiologicalResponse/TabId/2990/PID/14746/evl/0/TagID/655/TagName/pteropods/Default.aspx.

This articles discusses the effect of ocean acidification on Pteropods.

Rafferty, J. P.. "Ocean acidification." Encyclopedia Britannica, March 28, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/science/ocean-acidification.

This articles explains the phenomenon of ocean acidification.

US EPA,OW. 2018. “Understanding the Science of Ocean and Coastal Acidification | US EPA.” US EPA. October 4, 2018. https://www.epa.gov/ocean-acidification/understanding-science-ocean-and-coastal-acidification.

This article details the science behind the ocean and coastal acidification.

USGS. 2019. “PH Scale.” Usgs.gov. June 19, 2019. https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/ph-scale-0.

This article explains the pH scale.

"What Is the Carbon Cycle? What Is the Science Behind It?" U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program. Accessed March 31, 2021. https://www.carboncyclescience.us/what-is-carbon-cycle.

This article explains the process of carbon cycle and the science behind this process.

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