What is ecology?
Ecology is the study of the relationship of organism to their environment and of organisms to one another. It incorporates elements from all levels of biological science from molecular, cellular, genetic and physiological levels of species, communities and the whole world.
Ecosystems:
An ecosystem is an ecological unit; it can be a subdivision of the landscape, a geographic area that is homogeneous, and very different from neighboring areas. Therefore this term can be applied to a meadow, a forest, a lake, a pond, or any unit of the landscape with a boundary.
Ecosystems are made up of three components: organisms, environmental factors, and ecological processes. In other words it comprises organisms, species, populations and communities, soil, climate and other physical factors and processes such as energy flow, nutrient cycling, water flow, freezing and thawing.
Organisms are important units of ecology. Over time the organisms have evolved in harmony with their environment, and as a result many internal controls keep them in dynamic equilibrium with their world around them. Some organisms, for example plants remain fixed to their environment and must be able to survive whatever climatic variations occur, on the other hand some small animals can move about to escape some of the harsh realities of their environments.